System of distribution.



W. S. BRALLEY-, SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION APPLICATION FILED MAY 11, 1906. 91 6,988, Y Patented Apr. 6, 1909.

wiz xssses mvsndbr 1;: Walter S. Bra! Iey WOW M g t fBegi, known that I; A'VKL ER S. BRALILEY,

.Wh yrnR-s'; enn-tray; or :SCHENEGTADYQNEW Yo'RK; Assreuon T0 NERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY? ,AcoRPo A'rIoN OF NEW YORK.

:. .I Specification of nets Paltent. f atents April e, i909.

A ucationima tray 11, mos. SeriialNo. s c-{269.

.; acitizel of the United States; residing at i S chenectnd county of-Schenectedy, State ofNewX'or have invented certain new and useful Improvements -in Systems of Distri- 1-bution,iof.Which-the following is a specificat 0n.;-

The presentlinvention hos' for its obj iinprove sectionelized distribution systems Iirovided-with automatic switches for con- I 'nectingthe'sections together inlorder that all sections may be utilized in the most efficient Talent-No, 777,866, granted on December 20,

.- 1904, on an application filed'by John B.- Toy.

:lor. .;'-I n-said patented syste ntwo contact'ors kor "circuit-breakers ereused' tocontrol the. connection between "eochpa'ir of :idjscent sections. "t'lihe "present invention inches it i possible.to'dispenseylith one of these con- "ttoctorsywhich s-neeessarilylarge and expen 'sive; by the use of a'relatively smell and in- .25

expensive reley'for controlling the othc'r'con tact-or, .It may happen in the system of said ditio'ns' vment.

potent'thatthere is sufficient drop infpotenj tial between thccontactors-and the r oin't,at which'fthe short circuit upon the lin occurs. 3O

' 1 main energized; or-ahigh'resistonce ere may that the actuatingcoils ofthe conta'ctors rebeflformed so that in this case also; the voltage across the terminals of the contac't or coils is sufficient to maintain the contaotors. .35 I rnea'nsfvyhere y the scctions shall be posi- 'tively disconnected from each other under closed. The resent invention contemplates the latter-conditionsas Well asunder the cong rovlded for n sold prior arrange contec'tor or circuit breaker to open at some objects and advent-ages thereof Will- -more ifully appear from the following detailed deg fscription thereof taken connection with the i o'sccompanying drawing, wherein:

predetermined overload shortof' t dead The present 'in ention various aspects will-be more fully understood and other Figure 1 indicates diagrammatically four sections-of a distributing system, together -lvith the apparatus for connecting them toget-her Big. 2 shows in crosssection a time interval relay whiclrnisy be use'd to prevent "A 'systeni ofthis character disclosed his is accomplished by means of an i overload relnywhich operatesto'cause .the

breaker and preyrnts' the circuit brealrersfroniclosingiminedistely after they have been open ed; and Fig 3 shows a modified form of overload relay.

Reference being. had to. the draiving 1, 2, 3 and 4 represent successive sections of a. sectionahzed conductor; 5, 5, 5,;sre sections-of insulation between the conductors 1, 2 3 and 4; 6 is a main feeder, such as abus bar' at a sub-station 7 1s a conductor, including a. C1I

cuit breaker. 8, "for connecting section 2 to the feeder 6; and 9 IS a conductor including a circuit-breaker 10 for connecting the section 3-to the feeder.

esse'r'y that the feeder '6 be continuous, since Sections 1 and 4- a're siniilarly connected to the feeder. It is not nec-- adjacent, sections mey be supplied from separate sources.-' Three similar sets of op- ,paratus forconnecting admcentsect ons together are' illustrotedj, {and only one need therefore be describe-din detail. Referring to the devices for connecting section-Z-to the section 3,:11-is a. switch or circuit-breeker:

.srranged to close a path about the piece of I insulating neterial 5.- The switch is' provided with an actuating coil 12 coiine'ctedlet one end to section '2 and'at its other end to ground through contacts 13- of e. relay Mend through cont-acts 15of an overload relay 1.6; The rela ranged t lat, when bothcoils are energized,

they: neutralize each other and the relay remains closed; but each coil is sufi'iciently powerful; when it alone is energized, to lift the relay; H '.lhc coil ,17 is connected between section,2 and ground; and the coil 18 is connected between section 3 and ground. Assuming thettheperts sre in the positions shownand circuit-breakers at the sub-ste- 14 has two coils 17 and 18, so ortion is closed current will flowinto section 2, through the coil 17, and to' groundy'and, since there is no current n sect-ion. 3, .COll 18 will remain deenergnzed and the relay 'Wlll lift. the circuit of the ectuotiiwi coil ofthe circuittie cu cult-brealter from closing. 'l'hus the sections fiend 3 re' This onerstion of the relay 14 opensmain isolated from eecn other. l'f no'w cireuit-hresl er 10 is closed, causing section 3 to be energized, current flows-through the coil 18 of relay H; and, since thetwoLcoils now neutralize ozur'h other, the relay will vdroo tfiows from section '2, through coil 12 of the circuit-breaker,

the zit-tn: through 11 through contacts 1 ossocreted with the cirput-acts of relays 14c and 16,

circuit-breaker thereupon closes and a maintaining circuit established, through contacts 22 associated withthe circuit-breaker, through resistance R, to ground, in shunt to the-time interval rela When section 3 is energized first, the re ay coil 18 is supplied with current and maintains the relay raised until section 2 energized and coil 17'receives current; 7

In case section 2 is rounded, the circuitbreaker opens, either OI its own accord, or, if

the'condrtions are such that a difference of potential is maintained across the actuatin coil of the circuit-breaker, then by reason 0 the o' eration of the overload relay which, un-

der t e influenccof a heavy fioi'; ofburrent' from-section 3, is actuated and opens the circult of the circuit breaker actuating coil at contacts '15. The overload relay may of course be set .tboperate at any desired load as conditions may-re uire. Similarly, 'in

case of a heav overloa 'on section 3 and a hea flow o current through the circuit ibrea er, the overload relay operates to opencircuit the actuating coil of the circuitbreaker so that the circuitbreaker opens under this condition'also. a p

The circuits including thecoils 17 and 18 of the relay 14 may respectively pass through auxiliary contacts 23 and 24, connected to the circuit-breaker and so arranged that when the circuit-breaker is open they are closed and when the circuit-breaker is closed they are open. In this Way the relay 14 is cut out during the time the circuit-breaker is closed and no currentis wasted there-ins- It isof course evident that the contacts 19, 22,

23 and 24 are not essential-to the successful operation of the apparatus; and they may be entirel omitted whereit is not desired to i stop t e flow of current through the coil of the relay 14 when the circuit-breaker is closed or to have separate actuating and maintainin circuits for the circuit-breaker itself.

he time interval relay 21 may be used to advantage, although it is not an essential feature. This relay is adapted. to retard the completion of the actuating'circuit .for the.

circuit-breaker after the circuit-breaker has been opened, in order to prevent the circuitbreaker from immediately closin a ain. A

- convenient form of time interval rela I consists of a tube 25 pivoted at 26 and oosely connected at 27 by a slot and in connection to-the movable member o the circuitbreaker. 'At the free end of the tube is carried the movable member of the switch 20.

Within thetube and intermediate the ends thereof, is a hinged check-valve 28 having a small opening 28 therein. A quantity of .shot 29 is contained in the tube, and nor-- mally, when the circuit-breaker is closed, rolls past the check-valve into the end at which the pivot is located. 'When the circuit-breaker opens, the tube suings about. its pivot until it rests upon a s ring 30; the switch 20 still being open. Tne shot be ins to rollthroughtheopening 28 into the ree compressed until the switch 20 is closed. It is possible to so pro ort'ion the parts that any desired time may oi the circuit.- breaker before thejswitch 20 closes and completes the actuatin circuit. In Fig. 31 have shown a mod' ed form of overload relay wherein the movable member 31 is connected to a dash-pot 32. This dashpot permits the relay to open quickly but retards its closing movement. 'This arrangement hasthe same elfect as the time interval relay 21,and, by using an overload relay havinga dash pot attachment,- a separate time interval rela becomesunnecessary.

While I have escribed my invention ,in detail and have illustrated aconstruction embodying various features which may at .times .be used to advantage, I'do not desire to be-limited to the particular arra ement shozrn or to an arrangcment embodymg'the Klarl pointed out in the appended claims.

. Vi hat I claim as new and desire to-secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is: .1. In an electrical system of distribution,

automatic switch mechanism including an 'elcctromagnet actuating means constructed and arranged to connect said sections to each other when said sections are energized, and an overload relay having its Winding arin series'with said electromagnetic actuating nieans for opening the energizing circuit of the electromagnetic actuating means upon an overlo d. I

2. In an electrical system' of distribution, sections independentlyconnected to a source, means includin an electromagnetiCallyactuated circuitreaker for connecting said energized, and an overload relay having its windin in series with the contacts of said circuitreaker and having auxiliary contacts controlling the circuit of the circuitbreaker actuating means.

3. In an electrical system of distribution, sections independently connected to a source, automatic electromagnetically-actuated switch mechanism constructed and arranged to connect said sections to eachother when said sections are energized, an overload relay having its Winding 1n series-with the contacts of said switch-mechanism and having auxiliary contacts in series with the actuating means of said switch mechanism to various auxiliary features, except asparticu open'its energizin circuit to disconnect saidsectrons from 'eac other -upon -a;predeterend of the tube and the spring 30 is gradually apse after the opening of sections-independently connected toa source,

ranged in'series with the switch of said switch Inechamsm and auxiliary contacts sections together when said sections are emcee mined overload, and means for preventing sectionsindependentlyconnected to source 20 said switch mechanism from again connectsaid sections together for a predetermmed interval of time after it has operated to disconnect the sections from each other.

4. In an electrical system of distribution, sections independently connected to a source, an electroinagnetically actuated circuitbreaker arranged to connect said sections together, a relay controlling the circuit including the actuating coil of said circuit breaker, actuating coils on the relay connected to the sections wound to neutralize each others effects on the relay fi'l-IQII- the sections are. energized and contacts onthe rela com letin the circuit of the actuatiin Y P a n coil of the circuit breaker when the sections are energized.

5. In an electrical system of distribution,

an electromagnetieallyactuated circuitbreakcr arranged to connect said sections together and having its actuating 001i connected to one of the sections, a relay controlling, contacts in the circuit which inciudes the actuating coil of the circuit-breaker, a pair of coils on said relay arranged to oppose each other, a connection between one of said. relay coils and one of the sections, and a connection between the other relay coil and the other section.

In nit-ness hereof I have hereunto set my hand this 10th day of May, 1906.

WALTER S. BRALLEY.

Witnesses:

BENJAMIN B. HULL, l'iELEN Onronn. 

